#48 · 351× in the NT · conjunction
ἐάν
if, if ever
History
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In the NT
ἐὰν μή τις γεννηθῇ ἄνωθεν
unless someone is born from above
John 3:3 · dictionary form
ἐὰν μή τις γεννηθῇ ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος
unless someone is born of water and Spirit
John 3:5
ἐὰν δὲ τὸ ἅλας μωρανθῇ
but if the salt becomes foolish / tasteless
Matt 5:13
Morphology
εἰ + ἄν · takes the subjunctive
The ordinary third-class / future-more-vivid condition. Contrast εἰ + indicative.
εἰ + ἄν. Regular third-class / future condition: ἐὰν + subjunctive, ‘if (ever)’. ἐὰν μή = unless.
Further reading
- Mounce, BBG 4th ed. ch. 8, pp. 67–78 (vocab)
- Smyth §2283
Mounce pages are the 4th edition (2019 hardcover). Smyth 1920 is public domain. Hildebrandt pages follow the free 2019 CLI PDF.